Science Library Pad

Euro Fedora User Meeting 2005 - presentations are up

Most of the presentations from the European Fedora [repository] User Meeting 2005 are now up.
They are linked as e.g. (ppt) within the program.

Also, as I mentioned previously, most of the presentations from Building the Info Grid 2005 are up as well, on the speakers and abstracts page.

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 17:00 -

17:00

DEFF Identity and rights mangement activities
Arne Sørensen, DEFF

[err, see the presentation, I'm tired]

Presentation: ppt (466K); pdf (1.4M);

Projects 2005

* Shibboleth and EZproxy

http://www.deff.dk/aai/ (currently points to http://www.statsbiblioteket.dk/AAI/aai.jsp )
http://sso.kb.dk/

Projects 2006
- international networking
- use Knowledge Exchange
- national workshops
- from devel to production in selected areas
- formation of Danish InCommon: DK-AAI

Organization issues
- formal org to guarantee the sphere of trust
- e.g. Haka in Finland

Projects 2006+

- Shibbolize user databases
- Shib - ScienceDirect trial

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 16:20 - JISC Middleware Programme and Shibboleth

4:20
JISC Middleware Programme and Shibboleth
Terry Morrow, JISC Consultant

[background]

JISC Core Middleware
- authentication
- authorization
- directory services
- identifiers

[stuff about Athens - centralised authentication + authZ - technology + infrastructure (people)]

Issues:
* Athens requires management of separate "Athens accounts"
- Recent development (AthensDA) uses local IDs
* Little take-up of Athens outside UK
* Service providers have to license Athens
* Centralised service - relatively high operational costs
* Not well suited to increasingly complex authN scenarios
* Meanwhile other countries moving to SAML/Shib

JISC Core Middleware
- tech devel
- infrastructure

Aims:
- better understanind of middleware
- build working Shib infra
- support takeup of Shib

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/programmme_middleware.html

* programme has funded 15 different projects so far

tech investigated
* PERMIS
* RADIUS
* Shib

Core Middleware - Infrastructure

Aim: establish a working Shib infra

work areas
- Data Centre services (MIMAS and EDINA) to be made Shib compat
- create Athens-Shib gateways
- funding early Shib adopters
- creating service to assist adopt
- estab national UK fed (to be known as *Sparta*)
- liase with suppliers/vendors

Eduserv has written their own IdP

UK Data Archive - SAFARI
- Access control to a wide range of social science survey data

Future

- the UK Federation - what to do
- UK WAYF will be established

Challenges
- cultural change: shifting functions from libraries to computing science

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 15:35 - Access Management projects at LSE (PERSEUS and ShibboLEAP)

15:35

Access Management projects at LSE (PERSEUS and ShibboLEAP)
John Paschoud, LSE (London School of Economics)

an institutional (university library) perspective on cost, benefits, etc.

[some history]

Athens
- "a big database table with 3 million rows and 300 columns" (somewhat facetiously)

PERSEUS
- LSE Shib-IdP had been previously established
- used to explore
  = access to end-user info systems
  = [other things I missed]

PERSEUS relationships

* used to bind 4 different internal systems, and then with others: uportal, Internet2, JISC, Endeavor,
  WebCT, SITS...
* relationships with other projects:
  DART (Digital Anthropology Resources for Teaching),
  nereus (sharing economics resources), ShibboLEAP

Federations?

LSE is in lots of federations

Terms of content licenses

* Initial scoping audit of LSE Library e-resources management and current e-licensing situation
* Active participation in Meridian (Endeavor e-resources management)
* Active particpation in major e-licensing initiatives
* Joint PERSEUS / NEREUS study of e-resources Access Management terms (across 6 Euro countries)

Looked at roles of users

[list of roles]

Some challenges

* slow progress with Signet/Grouper, uPortal, and WebCT
* need for a central UK (or wider) database of standard licenses for major suppliers that reflects
  Shib-usable (eduPerson) attribs

Alumni groups as Virtual Organisations

[list, challenges]

ShibboLEAP

* get the UK Shibboleth ball rolling, something about access to Eprints repository?  ~150k people
* Role-based access in open archives: who is permitted to do what

* creates IdPs sitting on existing infrastructures at the organizations
* enables Eprints as Shib SP

Project Management

* Regular Library AND IT staff at each site
* High-level buy-in
* Focussed Project Management Board
- defined tasks for each meeting (one thing for them to decide)

Shibbing Eprints

* AuthN: easy
* AuthZ: not so easy

Benefits include
* other institutions can use this as the basis for their Shib IdP projects

a bunch of URLs including

http://www.lse.ac.uk/library

http://www.angel.ac.uk/PERSEUS

http://www.angel.ac.uk/ShibboLEAP

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 2:25 - Shibboleth and ScienceDirect

2:25
Shibboleth adoption by content providers (Shibboleth and ScienceDirect)
Ale de Vries, Elsevier Product Manager, Science Direct

[Elsevier marketing stuff...]

[background on authentication]

Federated Authentication

Pros:
* Allows access to remote services using campus login credentials
* No extra admin overhead for customer
* Simpler for users
Cons:
* Complex to implement
* Requires agreement on "rules of the game" between all vendors and institutions

Elsevier's view

* Shared / Federated
- fulfills customers needs
- win/win (less admin)
* we will continue to anonymous, campus-wide access whatever the tech
* we will continue to offer PZN in exchange for basic end-user registration

Shib benefits as Elsevier sees them

* replacement for IP authN
- removed admin burden of IP maint
- removes dependencies on network arch
* allows PZN based on local creds
* removes need to remember multiple user/pass
* avoids problems of proxy servers
* helps us provide the broadest possible access to our customers

Shib and SD: ramp-up

* April 2002 - workshop
* May 2004 - Shib release
* based on Shib 1.1
* held workshops to involve customers and Internet2
* Findings
- anon non-personal a must
- provide option to PZN with opaque unique ID
- needed support for deep linking (need to authenticate no matter where on the site the user enters)

Shib and SD: ... testing...

* Dartmouth, Georgetown, NYU, UCSD, Penn State
* no major problems
* none of the pilot participants rolled out access to broad user community

Shib and SD: production

* Fed 2005: Moved to InCommon
* July 2005: multi-federation support due to release
- main issue is branding and IdP discovery in a multi-federation world

Current Status

* University of Southern California: up and running in May
* Working with SUNY Buffalo and Georgetown
* in discussion with JISC (UK), SWITCHaai (CH - Swiss), SURFnet (NL)

WAYF issue

- multifederation: no one runs a WAYF of WAYFs

:( end users don't understand federation concept
:) but federations are geographically oriented

[example of Shib login to SD - recorded live in production]

uses a cookie to remember your organizational affiliation

Open Issues

* Tech new, complex and rapidly changing
* Federations are in very early stages
* Uptake is key... we are at a critical point
* need to make implementation easier for smaller customers and vendors
* Elsevier is committed to making access easier for users and will continue to support Shibboleth

Tech: c.shillum@elsevier.com

Q (from AA of Google Scholar): do you see a lot of IP spoofing?
A: no

Q: assuming that you are planning to offer Web Service access to Science Direct... do you have plans
to offer access control
A: Web Services... well... not yet.

Q: what do you log? user path through site?
A: yes we log, analysis is on aggregated basis, we have to log path to do reporting to customers,
and for product improvement

Q: to what detail do you know the user when they login using InCommon - e.g. student from university X?
A:
1. can come in using provider ID - identifies institution
2. can come in using target ID - identifies individual - dependent on federation - if not wanted for
personalization, Science Direct discards this ID

Q: do you see a lot of use of personalization in your product?
A: quite some - between 5 to 25%

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 13:30 - Internet2 and Shibboleth

13:30

Internet2 and Shibboleth (Shibboleth and Privacy)
Peter Brantley, California Digital Library

Presentation: ppt (0.8M); pdf (1.3M);

Access Management

list of requirements from A White Paper on Authentication and AccessM anagement Issues
by Clifford Lynch, CNI, 1998

Distributed Access Management

registration and authentication: library, college, university
authorization and accounting: the resource owner

Role vs. Identity

Conceptually, licenses to restricted content are by ROLE e.g. {member of} University of California

Therefore IP address authentication is inherently kludgey.

Improved AM

* something opaque that a service can use to associate with me and give me access
* if a service provider knows where you are from, it can ask your identity provider
* once authenticated, access can be determined by role
* SP can ask therefore only for relevant attributes
* might be {member of}, or {staff}, or {IT Director}
* this approach enables finer role-based distinctions

This is Shibboleth

three things:
* Shibboleth Project
- umbrella of activities around federated authentication and access management, still ad hoc
* Shibboleth Specs
- SAML 1.1 and enhancements
* Shibboleth System
- Internet2-developed open source (reference) implementation
- there are other implementations available

Shibboleth status
- Elsevier Science Direct, OCLC, JSTOR, EBSCO, Proquest, Blackwell
- international uptake: Switzerland, Finland, UK, Australia
- production federations (e.g. InCommon)
- discussions involving "Leagues of Federations"
- supports US Federal E-Authentication Initiative
http://www.cio.gov/eauthentication/

typically will send both institutional attribs (e.g. contract #) as well as individual attribs

could have an attribute release policy interface so that users can control who gets what attributes

Shibboleth Federations
- Usually nationally-oriented
- Federation operator handles coordination and managment of operations
- coordination, management, sets of atrribute-types, what to trust, for what purposes, policy, operational direction
- Federations are very hard work, not to be taken lightly

Meta-Federations

- Shibboleth InCommon and US Federal Federation (FedFed) are establishing peering
- Sun's Project Liberty and Shibboleth will interoperate through advancement of technical standards
- increasing need to support Virtual Organizations (VOs)
- expect eventual formation of Shibboleth-enabled software-based infrastructures, extending the concepts of
VOs, that support personal attribute requests, very small groups

[Ohio State is one of leading adopters]

Meta-Fed Discussions: US, UK, Netherlands, Finland, Switzerland, Australia, Spain, ...

Issues:
- policy framework
- privacy needs
- working with multinational service providers
- scaling WAYF

Slaughter meeting, Oct. 2004
Good meeting, not wholly conclusive.

Different authentication technologies and infrastructures exist within Europe.

EC funded GN2: eduroam, eduGAIN

InCommon...
operations

Origins and targets establish trust bilaterally in out-of-band or no-band arrangements (using shared
posting of practices)

InCommon progress

- Eduperson attributes

more challenging:
- having apps make intelligent use of federated identity
- legal issues
- scalable paths for LOA [?] components

Shib communities

Flexible creation of federations within federations, of varying duration, are increasingly common
in the US
- RedCross for Hurricane Katrina
- UCTrust

Next Steps
- multi-Federation world
- enhancing support for US gov auth
- support GridShib
- encourage continued commercial and vendor uptake
- interop with Microsoft
- extending Shib beyond the browser, into service-service interaction
- Shib 2.0 utilizing SAML 2.0, enhances functionality.  Design has been committed.

So... what's SAML?

[explanation of SAML]

An XML-based framework for exchanging security information.

Shibboleth and SAML

- Shibboleth is a profile of SAML
- extends SAML through Shib's data flow specs

Privacy and User Consent

- idea is that you only release what attribs you specify

Trade-offs

Anonymous use hinders PZN; persistent anonymized identifiers permit a range of PZN options.

* More dialogue on privacy and policy best practices is necessary.

Comments: JSTOR - little Shib uptake - used as a research project - everyone is using IP
following Q: why isn't there more adoption?  what is needed for broad-based adoption?
A: libraries say "what we works well enough" using IPs / proxies / VPNs
there is also a transition cost, user education

Shibboleth is currently gaining more tracking in accessing administrative apps (e.g. financial benefits management).

not much traction in university libraries

However, there is no better system available for this type of role-based authorization.

[Q about US PATRIOT Act and privacy implications]

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 13:20 - welcome to identity and rights management theme

13:20

Second theme: Identity and rights management

AAI - the scene

Authentication, Authorization, Infrastructure

Defining and organizing a common framework for identity and rights management administration within and between organizations
for (higher) education, research and their e-resources.

The Vision

Users at one institution can access external resources without needing to be a registered user of the external organization.

Rights and roles can be set in Attribute Release Policy (ARP).

The resource provider collects attributes from the user home
organization WITHOUT KNOWING THE IDENTITY OF THE USER.

lots of advantages, including economic

What is not part of the framework

* What material that may be accessed and by whom
* Payments or payment mechanisms
* Agreements on purchase of material ...

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 11:40 - Overview of DEFF SOA activities

11:40
Overview of DEFF SOA activities
Mogens Sanfaer, Technical University of Denmark

they use Web Services interchangably with SOA

[diagram of 3-tier DEFF architecture 2000-]

* one common service infrastructure - many portals
* facilitating cooperation as well as competition
(services can compete)
* paving the way for a re-integration of library and otehr university infrastructure domains
e- publishing / libraries / research / learning / governance

[diagram about integration promise of web services]

[diagram that I don't understand about the b2b nature of the service landscape]

is it possible to distill common services out of current monolithic systems?

Implementation Roadmap
1. implement pilot web services
2. facilitate pilot exploitation
3. implement more web services
4. establish cross-domain scenarios
5. contribute to open source tools and international cooperation
6. bring vendors into the game

1. Pilot Web Services
- global eprints using Fedora
- digitised Danish journals based on Oracle
- XML to Z39.50 gateway ->

HTTP SOAP/REST Web Services gateway is open source, available for download

[diagram]

2. exploitation project Web Services Testbed (started this year)
- training courses, workshops, consultation
- explore technical means to ease exploitation such as WSRP, UDDI
- gather feedback - trying to find the killer app
- discuss business models issues

it may take a bit of time for library uptake of Web Services and SOA concepts and technologies

3. more Web Services

pull from DEFF e-learning

journals, books, everything as Web Services - for consumption by Blackboard, CampusNet, Open Source LMS...

*** projects trying to satisfy these needs

4. beyond the library domain

DEFF e-publishing is building a national research database and repository architecture based on XML Web Services

* The collaboration with the Danish Universities Digital Governance Project has created an opportunity
to integrate the admin and library domains e.g. systems to create reading lists

* would also like to be able to create a national portfolio system for students, to capture their work

(my note: another application that has been discussed for these systems is national research portfolio for scientists)

["complex" architecture diagram]

* Is there a simple architecture?

synchronize local student portfolios (using harvesting and aggregation) with national portfolio
requires standard person id

how do you scale to e.g. pan-European? intercontinental?

5. contribute to open source and international cooperation

* X2Z gateway released, more to follow
* Fedora as generic repository architecture
- contribute especially in the areas of search and preservation services
- Euro Fedora User Meeting

6. bring vendors into the game

* Library system vendors et al. are starting to show interest in Web Services

Perspectives for the next couple of years

* implementing more web services
- OAI-based cross-searching services for research databases and library catalogues
* facilitating more exploitation
- implement best-practice examples of portals based on Web Services and open-source software
* crossing library domain boundaries
- contribute to the development of e-Science infrastructures in Denmark
* open source
- continue Fedora cooperation
* bring in commercial vendors
* exploit VIEWS - Vendor Initiative for Enabling Web Services

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 11:00 - The DARE architecture and SOA-developments in the Netherlands

11:00
The DARE architecture and SOA-developments in the Netherlands
Martin Feijen, SURF

Outline
* SOA in higher education
* DARE technical architecture
* DARE organization
* conclusions and questions

help libraries to make the changes needed to support scientists in their work

SOA in higher education

- SURFnet (people over 18) is planning to use SOA in the very near future
- awareness of performance issues: protocol overhead may slow down inter-application response
- SURFnet Video Portal and DARE harvester are the first SOA implementations within SURFnet

SURFnet is making the case to their management to do SOA, but the management says "what is the business case"

Kennisnet (Knowledge net) - people under 18

- implicit SOA policy: focus on re-use of applications
- SOAP/XML interface between local web apps and central portal
* architecture is SOA based but
- to avoid performance, constraints are necessary
- use only when applicable, not blindfolded

SURF
- Task force group "Information Architecture in Higher Education" April 2005.
  No specific recommendations about using SOA.
- Report of the Scientific Council of SURF 2007-2010

  Advice: use SOA as architectural framework for the further development of the technical infrastructure.

DARE architecture

- building a network of institutional repositories in the Netherlands
- uses OAI-PMH
- DARE is successful but we have a need for optimization

[diagram of DARE as is]

Limitations
- app interface between local repository and other tools (e.g. Metis system)
  = organizational issue
- no consensus persistent identifiers
- no solution for complex documents
- no unique identifier for personal names
- metadata quality issues
- sets and/or filters

Planned work on Technical Optimization

* content spider and filter (want to include datasets and not only publications)
* Digital Author Identifier (each scientist in the Netherlands will be assigned a number) - will integrate with OCLC/Pikas
* pilot for e-theses using DIDL and extended OAI
* persistent identifier

LOREnet project

* demonstration project to create 15 operational learning object repositories, building on DARE architecture
* OAI-PMH, LOM and IMS-CP as standards

[diagram of Lorenet]

DARE organization

* Libraries need to change
* We want scientists to use repositories, but we don't speak their language
(Approach has been inside out - from library to scientist.  Need to change to outside in.)

[diagram of organization, showing missing links between faculty and library]

DARE approach

* http://www.creamofscience.org/
* library self-evaluation and summer school for libraries
* embedding DARE in library workflow
* get closer to faculty and students
* not perfect but "good enough": light weight, flexible and little steps (SOA might be very handy to support this)
* need to do architecture AND manage change
* facilitate and encourage

DARE-II (2007-2010)

* Primary goal: repository as a tool for research and learning
* collect, store, describe, disseminate and secure all digital objects that are relevant for scientific communication
* So: not only end products like PDFs or articles but also datafiles, models, learning materials etc.

Conclusions

* SOA is known mainly in the ICT community
* SURF, SURFnet and Kennisnet will use SOA (prudently)
* DARE will migrate to DIDL and extended OAI infrastrcuture
* DARE will facilitate libraries in their change process and to go beyond publications

http://www.surf.nl/

Q: why DIDL?
A: have been talking about compound docs for about 2 years, had meeting to look at solutions...
decision was DIDL

Q: if you have persistent identifiers, won't you need a resolution service - one exists - ??Swedish steff program???

[more questions]

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 09:45 - Rebuilding Information Services for the Digital Age

9:45
Rebuilding Information Services for the Digital Age
Norbert Lossau
Bielefeld University, Germany

Presentation: ppt (2.9M); pdf (3.4M);

what does the information environment look like for implementing SOA

Key questions
1. How do SOA-based activities relate to our existing information environment?
2. "Collaboration between different communities is needed" - but how do we organize this collaboration?

Information services provided by libraries
* search
* access
* re-use
* communication/dissemination/publishing

New developments
- grid (mainly middleware)
- e-science

End-users demands grow and differentiate
* researches etc. creating compound, live documents, changing nature of knowledge generation
* more advanced searching and browsing e.g. integrate search into desktop tools
* better access to more things - in an interdisciplinary environment, people need access to more information
* re-use
* communication/dissemination/publishing

A Conclusion

* Libraries cannot possibly cover all these demands

The need for rebuilding information services

* We already have too many systems with partly overlapping functionalities, often not interoperating with each other

- leads to confusion on end-user side
- leads to inefficient deployment of staff and financial resources

SOA opens up new ways to *re-use* information services and promises *interoperability* between heterogenous systems and [something I didn't get]

[diagram of service modules of Digital Library NRC at Bielefeld University]

the system is a set of services

they are working on replacing existing metasearch service with BASE/Google Scholar/Scirus/ ...

build on state-of-the-art technology - IF it's possible to integrate them

Potential

* opens up unrealized opportunities for collaboration

... joint rebuilding of information services based on SOA?

SOA is an opportunity to restructure how we work together.

no explicit SOA activities in the German library world

http://www.dl-forum.de/

* in the German library world, SOA mainly understood as Web Services, implementations have only been slowly progressing

There have been digital library developments, however.

http://rzblxl.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?lang=en

http://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/opus/doku/english/index_english.php

http://www.redi-bw.de/

BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine)
http://www.base-search.net/
* based on FAST data search
* Web Service interface is planned

http://www.hbz-nrw.de/produkte_dienstl/DigiBib/
* internal Web Services
* external Web Services planned

Digital Peer Publishing (DIPP)
http://www.dipp.nrw.de/
* Publishing workflow and online publication system for OA journals
* Tech: Fedora, Plone, GAP - internal SOA, no external Web Services

Outside the German library world, there are more sophisticated technology developments, Java based.

development of Lucene for metasearch - L3S, Hannover
http://www.l3s.de/english/news/about_the_L3S.html

eSciDoc
http://www.escidoc-project.de/startseite.html
- buidling an integrated information, communication and publication platform for network based scholarly work based on Max Planck Society
- SOA architecture using Web Services
- scholarly workbench, publication management, etc.

Outlook: can we build inventories of information services - "yellow pages"
- regional, national, international

Requirements:
* create business models
* define basic standards
* provide support and maintenance

In this environment, how do we define a *product* that we deliver, and how do we measure the success of the product?

Define success:
1. service developed?
2. service developed and running in production?
3. service developed, and used and re-used in production at many different organizations?
4. #3 plus wide acceptance by many users?

Q: what could we do to help services move into real production?
A: we have a development department (in the research community) but no sales and marketing
also we need to find support for infrastructure to run and provide these services

Would like to see the Knowledge Exchange Office to bring together different communities.

Q: who should define service descriptions in a "yellow pages"
A: it's a question of finding a common understanding

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th, 09:00 - Developing e-infrastructure to support new research and learning paradigms

09:00
Welcome

continuing Service-Oriented theme

Developing e-infrastructure to support new research and learning paradigms
Dr Liz Lyon
Director, UKOLN

Presentation: ppt (5.6M); pdf (5.8M);

focus on research
focus on eBank UK

1. e-Research: a changing landscape

data overload!
how do we disseminate?

diverse types of data

think about how data collections evolve over time

Recommendations from "Large scale data sharing in the life sciences" UK report June 2005
- standards, metadata
- data management
- vocab
- archiving

RCUK open access to data
"should be made available as widely and rapidly as possible"

[diagram of the scholarly knowledge cycle]

2. Developing repositories

Developing models

http://www.e-framework.org/

"service-oriented technical framework... for research and learning"

* reference models
* service definitions

[diagram of JISC Information Environment Architecture - predates e-framework]

[diagram positioning eBank in scholarly knowledge cycle]

eBank UK Project
- open access to datasets
- linking research data to publications and to learning
- JISC funded from Sept 2003: now in phase 2

Exemplar: e-science testbed 'Combechem'
- grid-enabled combinatorial chemisty / crystallography
- national crystallography service

PSIgate (physical sciences info gateway) at Manchester

[diagram of data flow in eBank UK]

[diagram of combechem]

[crystallography workflow diagram]

Crystal Structure Data Reports

http://ecrystals.chem.soton.ac.uk/

data is harvested (OAI), and then aggregated by eBank service

"proof of concept demonstrator project"

*** Linking data to publications ***

done in eBank UK portal

eBank also embedded into PSIgate portal

Issue: Ontologies for discovery in an interdisciplinary world

Issue: Persistent identifiers for data citation

- working on use cases
- various schemes: DOI, handle, ARK, PURL
- there are some identifiers within domains

Publication and Citation of Scientific Primary Data Project

National Library for Science and Technology (TIB)
University of Hanover, Germany

DOI for datasets
http://www.std-doi.de/

can cite data using DOIs

Integration into crystallographic publishing practices

working with IUCr journals

Integration into chemistry research workflows

* R4L - Repository for the Laboratory
* SMART TEA electronic lab notebook + annotations, myTea project

* How does this fit with research assessment (RAE) process?  (UK process)

Integration into the curriculum and e-Learning workflows

* MChem course
* assess role in undergrad chem courses
* introducing school children to e-research?

Knowledge extraction and post-processing

* mining (data, text, structures)
* modelling
* analysis
* presentation (visualisation, rendering)
* in federated repositories: digital libraries, datasets, learning materials
* role of Google??

Repositories and digital curation

data preservation is in conflict with data curation (active use)

http://www.dcc.ac.uk/

upcoming DCC conference September 29-30, Bath, UK

http://www.dcc.ac.uk/training/dcc-2005/

more info
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/

Q: How are you making the links between the publications and the datasets
A: we're looking for identifiers to identify the datasets to enable linking
who does that? publishers? institutions (within repository)?

currently in the demonstrator, they have a schema,
but they are looking at automated ways

Comment: Germany - subject-oriented information nets - initiative from the researchers themselves
They choose and organize the info they way they want.  Not that well-structured, but they answer a
bit more the needs of the researchers

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th - Monday summary on evolution of libraries online

I found Carl Lagoze's talk on the next-generation NSDL particularly interesting.  Basically he talked about two stages in the evolution of the understanding of digital libraries.  In the first phase, people were just striving to get content online.  At that time they maybe couldn't even imagine that within a few years, the Internet would have vast amounts of information available.  In some ways, people were proceeding from an imperfect model of the library:

The formal part of a library is books come in, get catalogued, and then people use the card catalogue to locate books on the shelves.

This was replicated in content repositories (digital libraries, phase 1).

But this missed the whole informal, social aspect of the library.  You lose both the community and the context when you just have raw indexed content online.

If I can turn a phrase, in a library, people congregate around other people, not around the card catalogue.

So in phase 2, they are attempting to bring back the contextual and social aspects of the library.  This means that what some people may consider frivolous applications: blogging, photo sharing, instant messaging, recommendations, bookmarks... all these aspects of person-to-person communication need to be integrated.  As well as automated "wisdom of crowds" technology: "the person who read this paper also read these papers" etc.

The good news is, there is no need to reinvent the wheel - the whole point of the Service-Oriented Architectural (SOA) methodology is that your role becomes as much one of integration as of creation.  Take the best of the online services, and integrate them into your site.

The other part of the SOA paradigm is, in a way, that small, simple, imperfect but quickly developed and released pieces of technology can be more successful than complex, perfected tech.  "Good enough" can be great.

I'm actually a bit concerned that we may get too caught up in elaborate Web Services architectures when simpler protocols may in some cases work better.  But we have to balance that against getting trapped in silo solutions.  The key is to architect so that components are loosely coupled.  Herbert Van de Sompel showed how doing a good internal architecture with strongly separated components means that those components can then be re-used in external applications and distributed environments.  In effect, he treats his local network as if it is a distributed network.

InfoGrid 2005 - photos

I am Flickring photos under tag infogrid2005.  Had some major problems with Flickr last night, but things are working ok this morning.

Info Grid 2005 - Tuesday 27th - presentations are up

(UPDATE: Most of the presentations from both days)  at Building the Info Grid 2005 are up, they are on the speakers page, just below the speaker's URL and above the abstract.  PowerPoint and PDF formats.  This is a wonderful effort by the conference organizers, as I have been to other conferences where it took weeks for the presentations to show up on the website.

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 4:30 - JISC-DFG-SURF-DEFF Knowledge Exchange Initiative

4:30
JISC-DFG-SURF-DEFF Knowledge Exchange Initiative
Four Nation Collaboration Agreement to Support ICT Development in Education and Research
Diann Rusch-Feja
Knowledge Exchange Office, Copenhagen

Denmark (DEFF) - Denmark's Electronic Research Library
Germany (DFG) - German Research Foundation
Great Britain (JISC)
Netherlands (SURF)

Mission, Vision and Goals

Mission
- support innovative devel and use of ICT in edu and research
- increase return on investment
- enhance services and project through greater knowledge dissemination

Goals
- increase profile of national research
- where appropriate, strive for common infrastructure based on common standards

Org
- two delegates (board members) from each country selected by national funding agencies + chair from hosting country (Denmark)
- national representative from each country

will look at additional countries in Europe and outside Europe...

http://knowledge-exchange.info/ (not up yet)

Official Launch December 2005.

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 15:30 - photo

  IMG_7463_crop.jpg 
  Originally uploaded by rakerman.

Herbert Van de Sompel speaking at Building the Info Grid 2005.

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 15:30 - Lessons in cross-repository integration learned from the aDORe effort

15:30
Lessons in cross-repository integration learned from the aDORe effort
Herbert Van de Sompel, LANL

[scholarly communication diagram from 2003 OCLC Environmental Scan showing repositories in the centre]

build value chains across repositories

a few words about aDORe

aDORe is not a product
- components of aDORe software, usable in other environments, will be released
- services build on terabytes of locally stored content (Elsevier journals etc.)
- broke tight integration between data and app
- standards-based, modular, distributed, protocol-based interactions between modules

two front ends:
- OAI federator
- OpenURL resolver (for ? compound/complex object services? not a regular resolver)

Uses hundreds of OAI repositories locally.

Basically because of the good, loosely-coupled design, you can derive insights about inter-repository compatibility.

Repositories and units of communication
- Data-oriented research: not only text but datasets, software, simulations, dynmaic knowledge presentations
- Facilitate collaboration

Think about compound objects.
- has a persistent identifier
- contains material, and metadata about those materials
- can contain other compound objects

URIs:
- minted by different repositories
- from different namespaces
- not (necessarily) locators

"I don't think it's accceptable to ask everyone in the world to use e.g. the handle system"

need XML-based representation for compound objects
- many options MPEG-21 DIDL, METS, IMS/CP, RDF...

Repository interface
- OAI interface for compound objects.
- Use OAI-PMH datastamp ~= new version.

- include provenance

This is NISO OpenURL - framework to define service-oriented applications - applications for classes of objects that you can describe with identifiers

You can pass a SERVICE TYPE in the OpenURL.

Conceptual interface is persistent.
OpenURL examples were in HTTP, but conceptually you could do this in SOAP - just pass the parameters.

Repository Registry - who is part of this federation of repositories
Object Registry - what is part of the federation

Query: get list of existing copies, and the INTERFACES to get those things

There is similar work in the area of learning object repositories.

Pathways InterDisseminator
- Dynamic Service-Oriented Overlay upon the federated architecture

Service Overlay OpenURL application - list of services that can be applied to an object (the services are decided by the LAYER, not by the repositories)

"magic engine" - a knowledge database that knows about potential properties of objects and relates those to potential services

You could have multiple service overlays in a federation.
This results in the ability to provide context-sensitive dissembinations of digital objects.

[demo.  Very cool.]

If we can meet the requirements he presented, many interesting capabilities are possible.

Q: Open Knowledge Initiative (OKI) also failed.
Why not something like WebDAV, so we can talk outside the digital library domain.
A: OpenURL standard has come out of our world, but it has extreme potential.

Q: This is great work.
A: Thank you.

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 2:15 - NSDL and the evolution of digital libraries

2:15
NSDL - National Science Digital Library
Building a Knowledge Base for Science, Math and Engineering Education
Carl Lagoze
Cornell Information Science

Presentation: ppt (5.6M); pdf (6.1M)

this is a big project about improving educational tools for Science Technology Engineering Medicine (STEM)

evolution of digital libararies

... federation - metasearch
lots of questions remain
but we are moving beyond this
...

We thought the work was getting stuff online: but that's (mostly) done.
The digital library thinking was around a warehouse model...
but a library is not a warehouse.

"The real goal is to re-establish the library as a knowledge environment where people organize around
information, contribute new information, and learn from each other."

Although library information flow was books - to catalog cards - to drawers,
there was a second flow: people in the library discussing.

In digital libraries we automated the part where we captured the info,
but we lost the discussion.

Can we capture and enable that discussion, the social network, within the new repositories?

"creating an integration mechanism for specialized audiences"

Creating a Collaborative Knowledge Network

"a web that sits above the web"

The web was not intended as TV - we work together to create knowledge.

So: what other things are doing this well?

- Amazon

Items are more complicated than just being individual unique "stuff".
Items may be polymorphic.  Items may be created by the action of a dynamic service
(e.g. different colours of the same model of fridge - is each one a separate item - no, it's
an object with a colour service you can apply)

Concept of Information Network Overlay

About the NSDL
Phase 1: Metadata-Centric Approach

- massive metadata quality issues

there are broader problems

- access alone does not equate to educational value

Phase 2:

We want to capture CONTEXT.

Components of a new approach

* Representation
[...]

for a resource
- who used it?
- how was it used?
- how was it described and rated?
- how did THEY classify it
- how does it relate to standards
- how has it been aggregated
- what has it been used with

they want to use the information network overlay to represent it

using Fedora as the basis for NSDL Data Repository (NDR)

- Web Services association for info reuse/refactoring (e.g. "summarize for grade 11 level" service)
- Versioning ("I want last week's version")

used to do metadata ingest (even for web pages)

now: Focused Crawling and Selection
http://ivia.ucr.edu/
- expert seeded crawls
- expert-guided crawls

Description (Phase 1): manual Dublin Core
Description (Phase 2): use machines

Augmentation (Phase 1): Ask NSDL (not integrated with the rest of the NSDL)
Augmentation (Phase 2): NDSL Expert Voices - blog system

research area: how to build up automated annotations based on the blogs

instructional architect: tool to build e.g. lessons using NSDL

Q (he asked himself): are people going to contribute to this?
A: I don't know, but we have to try.

Q: combine resources from library and ... NASA, NOAA, Geographical Survey...
do you need to use just Fedora?
A: you can access the Fedora services

Q: quality control - metadata? annotations?
A: one way is to vet every resource - but this defeats the purpose of the crawler

Also, if you have a ranking system, the good stuff will bubble to the top.

"the wikipedia approach... statistically the good stuff will peek through"

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 1:45 - Fedora service-oriented repository architecture

Fedora: A service-oriented repository architecture to meet the challenges of the "Info Grid"
Sandy Payette
Co-Director Fedora Project
Cornell University

Presentation: ppt (1.8M); pdf (2.5M)

Traditional roles for digital repositories
- collections management, scholarly publication, document discovery, storage and archiving
- these roles are evolutionary, not revolutionary
- document-centric

The future: Rich Information Networks
- documents
- data
- services
- actors

"This is the information grid, fully realized"

Signs of Change
- grid computing in sciences
- humanities computing: hyperlinked historical documents, online sites, tibetan digital library

Need to translate the broad info grid requirements into repository architecture.
- rich objects, dynamic objects, info integration, service-oriented repository architecture
- security and fine-granualarity access controls

Fedora
- XML, Web Services (SOAP/WSDL) as well as REST
- OAI, RDF, OpenURL
- version 2.1 coming

who
- NDSL
- OhioLink
- many others

Flexible Digital Object Model

Document = Aggregation + Annotation + Service + Data

use "disseminators" to connect objects to services

Benefits of Object Relationships
- Enable an "information network overlay"

[diagram of web services]

example
image/gif
disseminator: methods of images service (via WSDL)
disseminator: methods of metadata service (via WSDL)

Want Fedora to exist in a broader service framework.

[diagram of Fedora Service Framework (2005-2007)]

planning BPEL-based workflow engine (Fedora Workflow)

cross-repository

* Pathways Project
http://www.infosci.cornell.edu/pathways
- Next-generation scholarly communication system

* Pathways InterDisseminator Service

Fedora Security Architecture
- tomcat, ldap (pluggable modules)
- initial work on Shibboleth (developed by OhioLink)
- XACML-based policy enforcement: provides very flexible and granular control
- including controls on backend services

Fedora Devel Plans
- new services
- federated repositories and name service
- scalabilitya and performance
- tighter Shibboleth integration
- event notification - pub/sub
- new client apps
  = FIRE client
  == advanced scholarly workbench with workflow
  = tools for RDF browse

Fedora and Data Grid

- Storage Resource Broker (SRB)
- SRB as alternate backend for Fedora storage

Ongoing Research Challenges
- enable low barrier to entry
- better integration of objects and services
  = semantic service descriptions (OWL-S)
  = object to service dynamic matchmaking

~ "we need to build easy tools, on top of the services"
- distributed security, identity and polcy
  = interop of authorization policies
- preservation
  = how do you preserve a distributed aggregation? a dynamic resource?

www.fedora.info

Q: How much time to bring up a repository?
A: technology is easy (hours), the rest depends on you

Q: when will clients for ingest be avail?
A: some now, but FIRE (more sophisticated) next year

Q: Sustainability - what happens when funding runs out
A: developing a consortium, looking at possible models
UVirginia will maintain the code base for 7 years from the end of the funding.
Followup: he believes you need vendors for long-term sustainability
mentions VTLS

Q: do you index content of datastreams?
A: No.  That's really a separate service, use some other tool to do that.

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 1:30 - SOA theme intro

Service Oriented Architecture
- the framework of the grid?
Introduction to the seminar theme

Mogen Sandfaer
Technical University of Denmark
26 September 2005

The concept of SOA
- a grid of services that ... may be used flexibly... SOA is an *architectural paradigm*.
- not a particular implementation or product
- independent of platform

Key Aspects

* Loose coupling
* Open standards
* Distribution/communication
- directories and communication standards will support a very distributed grid of services

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th - Deploying Services, Not Libraries

Deploying Services, Not Libraries
(or, Staying out of the middle of the road)
Peter Brantley
University of California, California Digital Library

Presentation: ppt (3.9M); pdf (1.2M)

Last Generation Systems

"OPACs are wonderful card catalogues, online, not much more"

For most users, libraries are places with books and comfy chairs.

Digital library silos

content is wonderful... and invisible to the user community

[...]

Change happens

Most of the new developments in our domain are not really *about* libraries

= repositories
= publishing services
= learning object repositories
= Google Scholar, Scopus, CiteSeer

Interesting times

* Scholarly work and communication are being transformed
* Users are seeking not just content discovery, but content re-use

Participate in change!

* Libraries must engage and seek solutions, understand faculty and students
* Create informed advocacy for waht users what, not what we think they should want

On Our To-Do List

* Engage all stakeholders [about] the worth of digital assets and service

*** Explode the roles of libraries within the enterprise

* Find new ways to make library services available to the users -- "flattening" the library

The road to services

* Libraries cannot achieve these things without altering themselves radically
* Participate actively in open-source communities
* Deploy services-oriented architectures, not build more silos

SOA

SoA means
- a set of self-contained, functional components (of higher level apps) encapsulated as services
- interaction between services through well defined interfaces
- [...]

CDL's Common Framework

The CF is
- a philosophy governing software devel
- a conceptual design for CDL services
- specific technical architecture
- on the wire services
- apps ?

[what to do]
- composite, modular, lightweight good
- design and implement quickly
- replace need for application-specific kludges
- make replacement and enhancement easy
- encourage staff training and devel
- quests for perfection are not permitted

CF Design

- elemental search concepts - search, admin, harest
- apps independent of services
- design atomic services to enable easy construction and rebuilding
- new app = reuse existing services

CF Tech Strategy

- common dev environ
- web services (XML, XSLT, Java)
- preserve generic design in spec
- cleanly separate api
- services agnostic human/machine
- externalize data modifications

CF Progress

- redefining continuously
- UC Digital Preservation Repository (DPR) is first production CFL app using CF
- Reciprocal design/functional review with stakeholders
- CF permits rapid dev cycles

Not just back-end

- SOA enables new modes of user interaction
- if sufficiently pervasive, it fundamentally changes the meaning of apps and ways in why data can be used
- an app is now sum of functions (services) addressible through APIs

Web 2.0

- web 2.0 extension of soa concepts (very loosely)
- data and systems made avail through apis
- Ajax uses service apis
- mashups

Consequences

* accentuates value in data and service provision but you lose branding

Expectations

* Newer generation apps are raising expectations (Flickr, delicious, LinkedIn, MySpace)
* Users expect to be part of the creative flow of content, not just discoverers or consumers
* [...]

Social bookmarking

* Connotea [guy from Nature is here]
(wishes it would support Shibboleth)

Flickr

Web 2.0 Impact

* Leveraging The Long Tail
* Small pieces, loosely joined
* Self-service and participation
* Radical decentalization
* Emergent behavior
- Dion Hinchcliffe's Web 2.0 Blog, Sept 2005

Web 2.0 Meme Map

Tim O'Reilly, Foo Camp, 2005 (Flickr)

mapping of concepts

"to use Google, generally, it's a fun experience... who can say that about their library OPAC?" (got a laugh)

Lines of Business

* Open services suggest libraries might not need to be engaged in every line of business
* Why not use Flickr through API

use the best services for your needs

Collaboration Essential

* As more people develop service platforms, why not use them
* e.g. CDL uses Lucene, made some changes, returned enhancements to Apache
* OCLC WorldCat may be the best union catalog available (in the US)

quote from Lorcan's blog

"libraries will have to source shared processes and infrastructure through common platforms - the opportunity costs of not doing so... are too high"

Future

Imagine new types of CONTENT SERVICES
- collaborating communities maintain shared lists or resources
- apps permit linking of disparate content sources into one presentation
- support redefinition of both publishing and the products of creative work

The New Library

* combine content from multiple sources
features could include
- multiple sites for access and preservation
- automatic replication
- different branding on each site
- granulated access rights via Shibboleth
- published APIs to enable mashups
- easy to personalize (use some opaque identifier) e.g. "other users also looked at..."

Next Gen Bib Services

- assessing using Lucene XML-based indexing and discovery
- how to order results for relevance?
- feasibility for recommendation and personalization
- explore alternative UI strategies

Q: There are lots of science fiction reviews on Amazon, but not many for science books.
A: not a common practice in our current scholarly community
Explore: create a community where people can work together without a lot of noise.

Q: Redefine the funding model for digital libraries?
A: These are very hard questions, I don't have an answer.
Libraries need to engage upper management to determine what models may be.
Educate the organization about the value and potential of your library.

Q: [footnote] Imagine where author makes book free, lives off ads and presentations etc.
if all books will go open access...
Libraries will have to catalogue everything that is on the net.
A: There is still a role for publishers.  Even as authors can increasingly easily self-publish.
Presumably self-published work will go into archives?

Where does the money come from?  (It costs money to run an archive / repository.)
Academic AdSense?

Q: Business model for those providing Web Services?
A: If you just have APIs, you can't demonstrate.  Need app to show use of Web Services.
Need some new ways of adding revenue streams.  Value-added services?

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 09:30 - Google Scholar

09:30
Searching scholarly literature: A Google scholar perspective
Anurag Acharya, Google

Goals

Goal: Best possible scholarly search

* Single place to find scholarly material
- search  everything
- Relevance-based ordering

* Easy to use
- common queries should just work
- researchers just want answers

Idea: Index all forms of artciles

* Preferred: fulltext (fulltext only was initial goal)
* Fulltext online for only small fraction
- influential/seminar papers still offline
* Index whatever form is available

What the author thought was important (in the abstract) may not be what turns out to be
important in the end.

Idea: Be inclusive

* Provide worldwide visibility to all research
- Should be able to find research done anywhere
* Our goal is to find all scholarly work
** Make decisions on a per-article basis *
- Good work can come from anywhere

Idea: Univeral discovery

* Free to all users everywhere
* Access will depend on variety of factors

Idea: Rank as researchers do

* Ideal: The Stuff I Need To Know
* Approximation: Relevant stuff that is likely to be good

** How to estimate "likely to be good"? *
- who wrote it, where it was published, how many people cite it, where citations are from

* Plus usual information retrieval techniques

Idea: Automate citation extraction

* Necessary to be able to scale
* Much variance in citation styles
* Citations error-prone
** Need to normalize citations *

Idea: Rank work, not instances

* Single work may have many forms
- preprint, report, conference paper, journal article
* Each may be cited independently
but it should be grouped together
* Known in library community as FRBR

Idea: Links to offline content

* Libraries hold huge repositories
* Link to library resources

Challenges

Challenge: Article selection

How do you decide what is scholarly?
"If it looks like a paper, it is very likely a paper" - if it has author, title, citations

Use citations to locate stuff.

Identify sites with many cited papers (to discover uncited papers).

Challenge: Citation extraction

Citation parsing challenges.

Citations styles can even be different WITHIN a paper.

How much of a language model do you need to differentiate words that are likely authors, words that are titles...

Challenge: Citation normalization

* Many sloppy citations, propagation of errors

Resource usage (Regazzi at NFAIS 2004)

Top 3 Online Scientific Search Resources

[chart]
Librarian top search: Science Direct
Scientist top search: Google

Resource usage (LibQUAL CNI Spring 2005 Task Force meeting)

[chart]
* most users use Google and Yahoo rather than going through the library web page

Cooperation with libraries

- Work together to help find the wealth of libraries
- Utilize the trend to search engines instead of fighting it

Support for libraries

* Library links
- resolvers/OpenURLs
* Library search
- Open WorldCat
* Access to Google Scholar
- embed Google Scholar searches in library interfaces

Library links - details

* Link resolver provides config option
- if selected, journal holdings info is exported to Google

* Google crawlers periodically fetch these holdings files

* No authentication at Google
- Authentication by provider/publisher
- Link resolver can proxy/suggest authentication

* Links for online resources are highlighted
- Users are far more likely to utilize online resources (factor of 5 higher CTR)

* Linking is open to all libraries and free
- currently 325 to 350 libraries are participating

Google does IP recognition both for Google Scholar and Open WorldCat.
Additional features are enabled based on IP (e.g. ILL).

Exposes the library resources in the normal course of research through the search engine.

* Open to working with other union catalogs
- contact scholar-library at google com

Embedding Google Scholar
- specific searchs

Question: Can I combine this with / use this for metasearch?
- A: No.  Ranking is tricky, interface is still evolving

Google Scholar Coverage

* Fulltext from all major publishers except Elsevier and ACS
* Includes popular papers from all publishers as citations/A&Is
* content from: Highwire, AllenPress, MetaPress, Atypon, Ingenta, MUSE, others
* Public A&Is - PubMed, ADS (Astrophysics Data Service)
* Open web and repositories: Arxiv, Repec, pubmedcentral
* open access journals - all Google can find

[Q: OAI or only web?]

Countries with most queries: US, UK, Australia, Germany, Mexico, Brazil, Canada, China, ...

Reflections

* Audience will exapnd beyond scholars
- health/medical research, educated laypeople, patients, care-givers

Q: Citations and web links?
A: Only citations

Q: How to make repository easy?
A: must be able to follow links to each paper

- if only search, can't find
- if chopped up, can't chunk in scholar

Q (me): Harvest using OAI?
A: yes, but no easy way to determine OAI harvestability - need to email Google Scholar.
Argues it is best to expose for web crawling, so wider discoverability.

Q: Options for embedding?
A: search box, or prepopulated search

Futher integration (e.g. metasearch) impractical due to problems with ranking / ranking not possible.

Q: Humanities are not very well served from Google Scholar
A: I am trying.
Challenges: journals are not online.  Many small groups (small publishers) to talk to makes the process slower.

Q: Topic-based / subject-based searches? e.g. "genetics" should provide the most important results in that field
A: Two issues with broad queries [? missed the answer]

A lot of important material is presented in a summarized form for e.g. undergrads, very difficult to provide this info.

Q: Repositories of scientific data, crystallography : raw material for science - important material, not very often cited
How do we get scientific data on the web?
A: Use Google.  It will find all manifestations of information on a particular topic.
Google Scholar is specifically for articles.

Q: Loss of context - Google is artifically reconstructing context
[hard to understand this question]
In a grid environment where the context is preserved, what is the value of Google Scholar.
A: If you already had the context, there would be lots more things you could do.

Q: Google has plans to do more than than search - text mining across the papers?
Taking it a stage further - extract conceptual links.
A: Not in the forseeable future.

Q: Google supporting new standards?  [? something grid standard ?]
[This is maybe a "will there be a Google Scholar Web Service question?]
A: If you can build web pages, you can connect to Google Scholar.

Q: (can you turn consolidation of versions on and off)
What is a strategy for recognizing something is a version of something else?
UK project: Versions
A: [basically no time to explain] - suggests a particular paper to read

Q: Categories ?  Using library classifications manually?
A: automatic: scholarly papers are self-partitioning in broad categories

Q: Are you working with librarians (at Google).
A: No.  There are two of us, but both of us are programmers.

Q: Issue with primary data sets
We are a very data centric organization, bridge publications and data sets.
Marine bioscience - citing primary data sets.
A: No such plans (data) in the near future.

Q: 325 libraries - are they going to report?
We had a lot of problems (UK Open University) - the metadata wasn't there to link.

A: Let's talk.  Metadata may not be complete.
If your link resolver requires full metadata, there will be problems

Q: Linking to data sets
eBank - threeway conversation
A: let's talk

Q: UColorado - what is your business model
A: I have none.  No plans to charge users, publishers, libraries.
Expect advertising.
This is currently a small operation, so there is no priority (right now) on monetization.

Info Grid 2005 - Monday 26th, 09:00 - Welcome address

Building the Info Grid (BIG 2005)
09:11
Welcome address
Kim Østrup (DEFF)

Next generation of library services - how can they be developed?

Deployment of Technology
* Internet 2 services
* Authentication and Authorization management
* Grids and network computing
- storage grids
- computing grids
* standardisation and consolidation
* service architecture and web services
* which open systems and standards (XML, ...)
* How to migrate from legacy systems?

What policies can promote a strong national and international structure?

Research and E-Publishing policies
* policies needed on all levels
* negotiations with the publisher

Open innovation vs Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
- We must support both

open archive / open source / creative commons / wikipedia
vs
commercial databases / proprietary software / music labels / publishing houses

Are we creating value? and for whom?

DEFF 2006 - New strategy

* Focus
- infrastructure (grid?)
- a national infrastructure for single authentication and authorization
- e-publication, open archive and IPR
- develop next generation of services
() web services
() shared services
- knowledge exchange
[] collaboration

Focus
- education and information literacy
- research and innovation

Building the Info Grid 2005

In one week I will be at Building the Info Grid 2005 - Digital Library Technologies and Services.
It lines up well with my interests as it will be covering both Service-Oriented Architectures as well as Shibboleth-based distributed authentication.

I didn't really know much about Copenhagen (København), Google Earth was a big help to me in figuring out the lay of the land.

I made a placemark for the Copenhagen Business School:

Download CopenhagenBusinessSchool.kmz

I also found this map (PDF) of some hotels associated with the conference to be useful.

I have gathered a few bookmarks together under http://del.icio.us/rakerman/copenhagen

Following the Info Grid conference I will be at the European Fedora User Meeting.
(Note: That's the Fedora repository software, not the operating system.)

I made a placemark for building 101A at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU):

Download TechnicalUniversityDenmark-Lyngby.kmz

I also found this map (PDF) useful for figuring out the bus stops on the DTU campus.

I think I will have good Internet connectivity, I plan to blog the conferences under categories/tags InfoGrid2005 and EuroFedora2005.

I will have instant messaging on if you want to contact me, there is more info linked from my conferences page.

(Note: Due to TypePad MIME type issues, you may have difficulties downloading the placemarks.  In Firefox, right-click and use Save Link.)